同济大学化学科学与工程学院石硕

fengli

石硕，男，博士，同济大学教授，博士生导师，毕业于中山大学（2007年），获化学生物学专业理学博士学位（导师：中国科学院院士，计亮年教授），2012年美国加州理工学院（California Institute of Technology, Caltech）Visiting Associate （导师：美国国家科学院，美国艺术与科学院，美国哲学院三院院士：Professor Jacqueline K. Barton）。2007 年进入同济大学化学系工作至今，历任讲师，副教授，教授，曾分别荣获同济大学青年岗位能手，同济大学优秀青年教师，同济大学骨干教师，同济大学青年教师讲课竞赛最佳教学内容、方法、手段奖，同济大学青年教师讲课竞赛最佳教学设计奖，同济大学本科生学科竞赛优秀指导老师，同济大学巴斯夫优秀科技论文奖指导老师等荣誉。研究兴趣集中于：(1) 金属抗癌药物的设计合成及抗肿瘤机制研究；(2) 疾病基因诊断；(3) DNA分子器件设计。目前已在Chemical Science,  Chemistry. A European. Journal., Nnaoscale, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Inorganic Chemsitry, Biochemistry,  Dalton Trans 等期刊发表SCI 收录论文50余篇， IF > 3.0 （ > 40篇），h因子23，论文被 Chem.Rev, Chem.Soc.Rev, ACR, Coord.Chem.Rev, PNAS, JACS, Angew.Chem.Int.Ed 等期刊引用1500 余次，3篇论文引用超过100次，多篇研究论文被评为该领域的TOP 10 论文，并有多项已授权发明专利。前沿性的工作被选入为纪念中国化学会成立80周年而做的《高速发展中的中国化学（1982-2012）》一书中。   
      担任Advanced Materials, Chemical Science, Small, Chem. Comm, Chem. Eur. J., Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal of Materials Chemistry A/B, Inorganic Chemsitry, Biochemistry, Methods, Dalton Trans, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Analyst,Metallomics, Molecular BioSystems, Biochimie, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, DNA and Cell Biology等50余种期刊审稿专家。
      担任 American Journal of Biosensor & Bioelectronics, Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Telomere and Telomerase 编委（Editorial Board Member).



石硕 教授 博士生导师
化学科学与工程学院
Email：shishuo@tongji.edu.cn
办公室：化学馆548
研究方向：金属抗癌药物，疾病基因诊断，分子机器人

主持科研项目：
(1) G-四链体稳定与解旋的分子构筑及肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)的基因疗法初探 （国家自然科学基金）
(2) 靶向癌基因启动子区G-四链体的钌配合物的合成及抗肿瘤机制研究（国家自然科学基金）
(3) 手性钌铱双核配合物对G-quadruplex和I-motif的选择性识别研究（国家自然科学基金）
(4) 以DNAG-四链体为靶点的铂类药物的合成及对癌基因表达的调控研究 （中央高校基本科研业务费）
(5) 若干单基因病的化学检测与临床诊断研究 （中央高校基本科研业务费）
(6) 单双核钌配合物与DNA的键合性质研究（同济大学优秀青年人才）
教学：
主要承担 “普通化学”、“基础化学”、“生物无机化学”、“基础化学实验”、“普通化学实验”、“医用化学实验”（留学生）的教学任务。

欢迎具有化学，生命科学，药学，医学，材料学,环境科学等背景的同学报考本课题组的研究生，欢迎本科生到本实验室开展毕业论文及SITP项目工作。
 发表论文:
58. Ru-Ru Gao, Tian-Ming Yao*, Xiao-Yan Lv, Yan-Yan Zhu, Yi-Wei Zhang and Shuo Shi*, Integration of G-quadruplex and DNA-templated Ag NCs for Nonarithmetic Information Processing, Chemical Science, 2017, 8, 4211–4222.
57. Ru-Ru Gao, Tian-Ming Yao*, Xiao-Yan Lv, Yan-Yan Zhu, Yi-Wei Zhang and Shuo Shi*, Chem. Sci., 2017, 8, 4139-4139.  Front Cover
56. Ru-Ru Gao, Shuo Shi*, Yu-Jie Li, Maierhaba Wumaier, Xiao-Chun hu and Tian-Ming Yao*, Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles from Nucleotide and Lanthanide Ions as a Versatile Platform for Color-tunable Luminescence and Integrating Boolean Logic Operations, Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 9589-9597.
55. Ao Huang, Weiwei Li, Shuo Shi* and Tianming Yao*, Quantitative Fluorescence Quenching on Antibody-conjugated Graphene Oxide as a Platform for Protein Sensing, Scientific Reports, 2017, 7, 40772.  
54. Ru-Ru Gao, Shuo Shi,* Ying Zhu, Hai-Liang Huang, and Tian-Ming Yao*, A RET-Supported Logic Gate Combinatorial Library to Enable Modeling and Implementation of Intelligent Logic Functions, Chemical Science, 2016, 7, 1853-1861.
53. Juanjuan Li, Shuo Shi* and Tianming Yao*, Three label-free thrombin aptasensors based on aptamers and [Ru(bpy)2(o-mopip)]2+, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2016, 4, 1361–1367. (Hot Paper)
52. Ying Zhu, Shuo Shi*, Ru-ru Gao, Hai-liang Huang, Yan-yan Zhu, Xiao-yan Lv, Tian-ming Yao*, Ultrasensitive and Universal Fluorescent Aptasensor for the Detection of Biomolecules (ATP, Adenosine and Thrombin) Based on DNA/Ag Nanoclusters Fluorescence Light-up System, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2016, 79,205-212.
51. Hailiang Huang, Shuo Shi*, Xing Gao, Ruru Gao, Ying Zhu, Xuewen Wu, Ruimin Zang, and Tianming Yao*, A universal label-free fluorescent aptasensor based on Ru complex and quantum dots for adenosine, dopamine and 17β-estradiol detection, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2016, 79,198-204.
50. XinWang, Lihong Pei, Xiumin Fan, Shuo Shi*, [Ru(L)2(3-tppp)]2+ (L=bpy, phen) stabilizes two different forms of the human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA, Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2016, 72, 7–12.
49. Shuo Shi,* Xing Gao, Junliang Yao, Hailiang Huang, Juan Zhao, and Tianming Yao, Effect of the Ancillary Ligands on the Spectral Properties and G-quadruplexes DNA Binding Behaviours: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study, Chem. Eur. J. 2015, 21, 13390 –13400.
48. Shuo Shi*, Jin-Hong Xu, Xing Gao, Hai-Liang Huang and Tian-Ming Yao*, Binding Behaviours for Different Types of DNA G-quadruplexes: Enantiomers of [Ru(bpy)2(L)]2+ (L= dppz, dppz-idzo), Chem. Eur. J. 2015, 21, 11435–11445.
47. Hailiang Huang, Shuo Shi*, Xuyue Zheng,Tianming Yao*, Sensitive detection for coralyne and mercury ions based on homo-A/T DNA by exonuclease signal amplification, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2015, 71, 439–444.
46. Xuyue Zheng, Tianming Yao*, Shuo Shi*, Copper-modulated Silver Nanoclusters as An On-Off-On Fluorescence Probe for the Selective Detection of L-histidine, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2015, 66, 103-108.
45. Xing Gao, Shuo Shi*, Jun-Liang Yao, Juan Zhao and Tian-Ming Yao*, Impacts of terminal modification of [Ru(phen)2dppz]2+ on the luminescence properties: a theoretical study, Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 19264–19274.
44. Xing Gao, Li Wang*, Hai-Liang Huang, Lin-Lin Wang, Jun-Liang Yao, Shuo Shi and Tian-Ming Yao*, Molecular “light switch” [Ru(phen)2dppzidzo]2+ monitoring the aggregation of tau, Analyst, 2015, 140, 7513–7517.
43. Xiao-Hui Lu, Shuo Shi*, Jun-Liang Yao, Xing Gao, Hai-Liang Huang, Tian-Ming Yao*, Two structurally analogous ruthenium complexes as naked-eye and reversible molecular “light switch” for G-quadruplex DNA, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 140 (2014) 64–71.
42. Linlin Wang, Tianming Yao*, Shuo Shi*, Yanlin Cao, Wenliang Sun A label-free fluorescent probe for Hg2+ and biothiols based on graphene oxide and Ru-complex, Scientific Reports, 2014, 4, 5320.
41. Shuo Shi*, Tianming Yao*, Liangnian Ji, DNA molecular light switch and biosensors based on ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes, Scientia Sinica Chimica, 2014, 44 (4): 460-470.
40. Yanlin Cao, Shuo Shi*, Linlin Wang, Junliang Yao and Tianming Yao*, Ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of heparin based on quantum dots and a functional ruthenium polypyridyl complex, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2014, 55, 174-179.
39. Shuo Shi*‡, Shane Gao,‡ Tongcheng Cao, Jie liu, Xing Gao, Jian Hao, Chunyan Lv, Hailiang Huang, Jun Xu*, Tianming Yao*,Targeting Human Telomeric G-quadruplex DNA and Inhibition of Telomerase Activity with [(dmb)2Ru(obip)Ru(dmb)2]4+, PloS ONE, 2013, 8(12), e84419.
38. Shuo Shi*, Xin Wang, Wenliang Sun, Xiangyang Wang, Tianming Yao*, Liangnian Ji, Label-free fluorescent DNA biosensors based on metallointercalators and nanomaterials, Methods, 2013, 64, 305-314. Invited; this article is part of the collection: Recent Advances in DNA-based Biosensors, special issue.
37. Shuo Shi*, Hai-Liang Huang, Xing Gao, Jun-Liang Yao,Chun-Yan Lv, Juan Zhao, Wen-Liang Sun, Tian-Ming Yao*, Liang-Nian Ji，A comparative study of the interaction of two structurally analogous ruthenium complexes with human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 2013,121,19-27.
36..Ting-Ting Cheng, Junliang Yao, Xing Gao, Shuo Shi* and Tianming Yao*, A new fluorescence “switch on” assay for heparin detection by using a functional ruthenium polypyridyl complex, Analyst, 2013, 138, 3483–3489.
35. Junliang Yao, Xing Gao, Wenliang Sun, Tianming Yao*, Shuo Shi*, and Liangnian Ji, Molecular Hairpin: A Possible Model for Inhibition of Tau Aggregation by Tannic Acid, Biochemistry 2013, 52, 1893−1902.
34. Wenliang Sun, Junliang Yao, Tianming Yao* and Shuo Shi*, Label-free fluorescent DNA sensor for the detection of silver ions based on molecular light switch Ru complex and unmodified quantum dots, Analyst, 2013,138, 421-424.
33. Jun-Liang Yao, Xing Gao, Wenliang Sun, Shuo Shi* and Tian-Ming Yao, [Ru(bpy)2dppz-idzo]2+: A colorimetric molecular “light switch” and powerful stabilizer for G-quadruplex DNA, Dalton Trans., 2013, 42, 5661–5672.
32. Shuo Shi,* Juan Zhao, Xing Gao, Chunyan Lv, Li Yang, Jian Hao, Hailiang Huang, Junliang Yao, Wenliang Sun, Tianming Yao,* and Liangnian Ji, Molecular “light switch” for G-quadruplexes DNA: Cycling the Switch On and Off, Dalton Trans, 2012., 41, 5789–5793.
31. Shuo Shi,* Chunyan Lv, Xing Gao, Juan Zhao, Junliang Yao, Wenliang Sun, Hailing Huang, Tianming Yao,* Liangnian Ji, [Ru(bpy)2(bppp)]2+ binds two different forms of the human telomeric G-quadruplex structure, Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2012, 24, 212–215.
30. Yao Junliang, Gao Xing, Sun Wenliang, Fan Xuezhong, Shi Shuo*, Yao Tianming*, A Naked-Eye On–Off–On Molecular “Light Switch” Based on a Reversible “Conformational Switch” of G-Quadruplex DNA, Inorg.Chem., 2012,51, 12591-12593.
29. Wenliang Sun, Tianming Yao* and Shuo Shi*, A molecular light switch Ru complex and quantum dots for the label-free, aptamer-based detection of thrombin, Analyst, 2012, 137, 1550–1552.
28. Dan-Jing Yang, Shuo Shi*, Tian-Ming Yao*, Liang-Nian Ji, Cooperative folding of tau peptide by coordination of group IIB metal cations during heparin-induced aggregation, Biometals, 2012, 25,361–372.
27. Shuo Shi, *Juan Zhao, Xiaoting Geng, Tianming Yao, * Hailiang Huang, Tianlin Liu, Lengfeng Zheng, Zonghui Li, Danjing Yang, and Liangnian Ji, Molecular “light switch” for G-quadruplexes and i-motif of human telomeric DNA: [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+, Dalton Trans, 2010, 39，2490-2493.
26. Shuo Shi *, Xiaoting Geng, Juan. Zhao, Tianming Yao*, Chaoran Wang, Danjing Yang, Lengfeng Zheng, Liangnian Ji, Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]2+ with human telomeric DNA: preferential binding to G-quadruplexes over i-motif, Biochimie, 2010, 92, 370-377.
25. Shuo Shi*, Tian-ming Yao, Xiao-ting Geng, Ling-feng Jiang, Jie Liu, Qing-yuan Yang, and Liangnian Ji, Synthesis, characterization and DNA-binding of chiral complexes D- and L- [Ru(bpy)2(pyip)]2+, Chirality, 2009, 21, 276-283.
24. Shuo Shi*, Tian Xie, Tian-Ming Yao, Chao-Ran Wang, Xiao-Ting Geng, Dan-Jing Yang, Lin-Jie Han, Liang-Nian Ji, Synthesis, characterization, DNA-binding and DNA-photocleavage studies of [Ru(bpy)2(pmip)]2+ and [Ru(phen)2(pmip)]2+ (pmip = 2-(2′-pyrimidyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Polyhedron, 2009,18, 1355–1361.
23. Shuo Shi, Jie Liu, Tianming Yao, Xiaoting Geng, Lingfeng Jiang, Qingyuan Yang, Lin Cheng, and Liangnian Ji, Promoting the Formation and Stabilization of G-Quadruplex by Dinuclear RuII Complex Ru2(obip)L4, Inorganic Chemistry, 2008, 47 (8), 2910-2912.
22. Shuo Shi*, Tian-ming Yao, Xiao-ting Geng, Liang-nian Ji, 1,2-Bis[amino(pyrimidin-2-yl)methylene]hydrazine dehydrate, Acta Crystallographica Section E, 2008, o272.
21. Shuo Shi, Cai-Ping Tan, Jie Liu,and Liang-Nian Ji, Conformation Conversion and Stabilization of G-Quadruplex by Dinuclear RuII Complex [(bpy)2Ru(obip)Ru(bpy)2]4+, Journal of biomolecular structure dynamics, 2007,24, 706.
20. Shuo Shi, Jie Liu, Jun Li, Kang-Cheng Zheng, Xiao-Mei Huang, Cai-Ping Tan, Lan-Mei Chen and Liang-Nian Ji, Synthesis, characterization and DNA-binding of novel chiral complexes D- and L- [Ru(bpy)2L]2+ (L= o-mopip and p-mopip), Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 100 (2006) 385–395
19. Shuo Shi, Jie Liu, Jun Li, Kang C. Zheng, Cai P. Tan, Lan M. Chen and Liang N. Ji, Electronic effect of different positions of the –NO2 group on the DNA-intercalator of chiral complexes [Ru(bpy)2L]2+ (L = o-npip, m-npip and p-npip), J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2005, 2038– 2046.
18. Juan Zhao, Shuo Shi,* Tianming Yao* and Zhongfei Tan, Aqua[4ʹ-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2ʹ:6ʹ,2ʹʹ-terpyridine]nitratocopper(II) nitrate [4ʹ-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2ʹ:6ʹ,2ʹʹ-terpyridine] dinitratocopper(II) monohydrate, Acta Cryst. (2011). E67, m346.
17. Du Liu, Yanan Liu, Chuan Wang, Shuo Shi, Dongdong Sun, Feng Gao,* Qianling Zhang,* and Jie Liu*, Polypyridyl Complexes of Ruthenium(II): Stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA and Inhibition of Telomerase Activity, ChemPlusChem, 2012, 77, 551-562.
16.Dan-Jing Yang, Shuo Shi, Tian-Ming Yao,* and Liang-Nian Ji, The Impacts of Hg(II) Tightly Binding on the Alzheimer’s Tau Construct R3: Misfolding and Aggregation, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2011, 84, 1362-1367.
15. Wenliang Sun, Shuo Shi and Tianming Yao*, Graphene oxide–Ru complex for label-free assay of DNA sequence and potassium ions via fluorescence resonance energy transfer, Anal. Methods, 2011, 3, 2472–2474.
14. Dan-Jing Yang, Shuo Shi, Leng-Feng Zheng, Tian-Ming Yao*, Liang-Nian Ji, Mercury(II) Promotes the In Vitro Aggregation of Tau Fragment Corresponding to the Second Repeat of Microtubule-Binding Domain: Coordination and Conformational Transition, Biopolymers, 2010, 93,1100-1107.
13. Lin-Jie Han, Shuo Shi, Leng-Feng Zheng, Dan-Jing Yang, Tian-Ming Yao* and Liang-Nian Ji, Flavonoids Inhibit Heparin-Induced Aggregation of the Third Repeat (R3) of Microtubule-Binding Domain of Alzheimer’s Tau Protein, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2010, 83, 911–922.
12. Lian-Cai Xu, Shuo Shi, Jun Li, Si-Yan Liao, Kang-Cheng Zheng and Liang-Nian Ji， A combined computational and experimental study on DNA-photocleavage of Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(bpy)2(L)]2+ (L = pip, o-mopip and p-mopip), J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2008, 2, 291-301.
11. Ya-Nan Liu, Shuo Shi, Wen-Jie Mei, Cai-Ping Tan,Lan Mei Chen, Jie Liu, Wen-Jie Zheng and Liang-Nian Ji, In vitro and in vivo investigations on the antiviral activity of a series of mixed-valence rare earth borotungstate heteropoly blues, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2008, 43, 1963-1970.
10. Li Fenglian, Shi Shuo, Yao Tianming*, The Application of Macrocyclic Complexes in Cleavage of Nucleic Acids, Chemistry, 2008, 731-738.
9. Liu Jie , Mei Wenjie, Shi Shuo, Tan Caiping, Chen Jincan, Zheng Kangcheng, Ji Liangnian， Synthesis, Antitumor Activity and Structure-Activity Relationships of a Series of Ru(II) Complexes, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 102 (2008) 193-202.
8. Xu, Lian-Cai; Li, Jun; Shi, Shuo; Zheng, Kang-Cheng; Ji, Liang-Nian.   DFT/TDDFT studies on electronic absorption and emission spectra of [Ru(bpy)2(L)]2+ (L=pip, o-mopip and p-mopip) in aqueous solution. THEOCHEM (2008), 855(1-3), 77-81.
7. Caiping Tan, Jie Liu, Lanmei Chen, Shuo Shi and Liangnian Ji, Synthesis, Structural Characteristics, DNA Binding Properties and Cytotoxicity Studies of a Series of Ru(III) Complexes. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 102 (2008) 1644-1653.
6. Caiping Tan, Jie Liu, Hong Li, Wenjie Zheng, Shuo Shi, Lanmei Chen and       Liangnian Ji, Differences in Structure, Physiological Stability, Electrochemistry, Cytotoxicity, DNA and Protein Binding Properties between Two Ru(III) Complexes,Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 102 (2008) 347-358.
5. Lan-Mei Chen, Jie Liu, Jin-Can Chen, Cai-Ping Tan, Shuo Shi, Kang-Cheng Zheng and Liang-Nian Ji.Synthesis, characterization, DNA-binding and spectral properties of complexes [Ru(L)4(dppz)]2+ (L=Im and MeIm), Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 102 (2008) 330-341.
4. Lan-Mei Chen, Jie Liu, Jin-Can Chen, Shuo Shi, Cai-Ping Tan, Kang-Cheng Zheng and Liang-Nian Ji, Experimental and theoretical studies on the DNA-binding and spectral properties of water-soluble complex [Ru(MeIm)4(dpq)]2+, Journal of Molecular Structure,881, 2008, 156-166.
3. Jie Liu, Shuo Shi, Liang-Nian Ji and Wen-Jie Mei, Investigation on DNA binding and photo-cleavage properties of water-soluble porphyrin  and metalloporphyrins, Transition Metal Chemistry; 2005, 30, 684-690.
2. Jie Liu, Wenjie Mei, Anxing Li, Caiping Tan, Shuo Shi, Liangnian Ji,Inhibition of Influenza Virus Infections in MDCK Cells by Rare Earth Borotungstates Heteropoly Blues with Mixed Valence, Chemical Journal of Chinese University, 2004, 25, 1-6.
1. Jie Liu, Wen-Jie Mei, An-Wu Xu, Cai-Ping Tan, Shuo Shi, Liang-Nian Ji, Synthesis, characterization and antiviral activity against influenza virus of a series of novel manganese-substituted rare earth borotungstates heteropolyoxometalates, Antiviral Research, 2004, 62, 65-71.

ersan

铜(Cu)作为人体不可缺少的微量营养素，在促进机体代谢和维持多种基本生物学功能方面发挥着重要的作用。人体内的铜稳态受到严格地调控，铜失衡可导致代谢异常并对细胞产生毒性。值得注意的是，与健康人群相比，癌症患者肿瘤部位和全身的铜含量异常升高。因此，铜相关试剂在肿瘤治疗领域引起了极大的关注。我院石硕教授长期致力于金属药物与纳米药物在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究。日前，该课题组在国际著名期刊《配位化学综述(Coordination Chemistry Reviews)》发文，系统总结了铜相关试剂在肿瘤治疗中的应用，论文题目为：Cu-related agents for cancer therapies。
       该文系统综述了两种通用的与铜相关的肿瘤治疗策略：消耗肿瘤内的铜以抑制肿瘤增殖，以及提供过量的铜来促进细胞凋亡或铜死亡。相对应的铜螯合剂被用来降低铜的生物利用度，从而抑制铜对肿瘤生长、复发与转移的促进作用。然而，如果铜的含量继续增加，超过细胞能够耐受的限度，细胞会被杀死，肿瘤的生长也能够得到抑制。基于这一原理，各种各样的铜基试剂被用于癌症治疗。

       目前相关的研究主要集中在供应铜方向，铜基纳米材料、铜配合物和纳米铜配合物均被用于肿瘤治疗的研究。考虑到铜供应试剂种类繁多，功能也各有不同，文章对不同类型的铜供应试剂进行了更加详细的分类与总结。随着纳米科技的发展，铜基纳米药物在肿瘤治疗领域引起了广泛的重视，不仅可以作为优良的药物载体，还能够通过自身直接产生治疗效果。鉴于顺铂在肿瘤治疗中的巨大成功，铜配合物也被广泛研究用作可能的替代选择。此外，纳米铜配合物也是重要的铜供应试剂。将纳米材料与铜配合物整合为同一体系，既保留了治疗效果， 又解决了铜配合物本身高全身毒性、高疏水性能和低生物利用度的问题，为肿瘤治疗提供了另一个角度和思路。
        化学科学与工程学院为论文第一单位，博士研究生王春晖为第一作者，石硕教授为唯一通讯作者。该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、上海市自然科学基金和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金等资助。
        论文链接：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215156